French Champlevé and Doré Bronze Inkwell

This inkwell resembles a classical urn, elevated by its rich materials and intricate enamel work.

1. Materials and Construction

• Base: The foundation of the piece is a polished Onyx base. Onyx was  favored in the 19th century for fine desk pieces to add a layer of natural luxury.
• Metalwork: The metallic components are made of bronze and finished with doré (French for gilded) bronze.
• Enamel Technique: The decorative bands on the bronze are executed in Champlevé enamel (see explanation below). The colors appear jewel-toned, featuring hues like deep blue, white, and red, arranged in precise geometric and symbolic patterns.
• Period: The style and craftsmanship confirm its dating to the 19th century, likely the Late Napoleon III or Belle Époque period (c. 1860–1890).

1. Form and Decorative Elements

• Inkwell Body: The body is styled as a classical urn or vase.
• Handles (Figures): Serving as handles or decorative side elements are two detailed horned figures.
  • Identification: Bacchus (Roman god of wine) or Pan (Greek god of the wild, often depicted with horns and goat legs) are possibilities. These figures represent Satyrs or Fauns—woodland deities often associated with revelry and classical themes—a popular motif in classical revival ornamentation.
• Base Decoration: Encircling the base of the urn is a band of enamel work featuring the fleur-de-lis, the stylized lily that is a historic symbol of the French monarchy and often incorporated into French decorative arts as a sign of heritage and elegance.
• Lid and Finial: The domed lid is hinged and crowned with an acorn finial.

III. Explanation of Key Terms